BÀI 14: THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT CONTINUOUS (C1 + C2)

I. Tóm tắt ngữ pháp:

1. Cấu trúc:

Câu khẳng định

S + am / is / are + V-ing

Ví dụ: I am cooking dinner.

Câu phủ định

S + am / is / are + not + V-ing

Ví dụ: I am not cooking dinner.

Ví dụ:

Câu nghi vấn

Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing

Ví dụ: Are you cooking dinner?

2. Sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn trong trường hợp nào?

2.1. Diễn tả hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

Ví dụ: The boys are doing their homework right now.

2.2. Hành động đang xảy ra xung quanh thời điểm nói

Ví dụ: What book are you doing in English at the moment.

2.3. Tình huống tạm thời và chuỗi hành động

Ví dụ: We aren't having any exams while the lecturers are still on strike.

2.4. Tính huống đang thay đổi và phát triển

Ví dụ: More and more people are recognising the advantages of being able to speak a foreign language.

2.5. Thói quen gây khó chịu cho người khác

Ví dụ: Dan's always coming up with the craziest ideas!

2.6. Thông tin nền trong chuyện đùa và những câu chuyện thân mật khác

Ví dụ: A man goes to see his psychiatrist. He's carrying a bag full of honey.

2.7. Nói về một kế hoạch trong tương lai

Ví dụ: When are you taking your driving test?

2.8. Diễn tả sự việc trong tương lai thuộc mệnh đề thời gian

Ví dụ: I 'll probably be a bit scared when I'm waiting outside for the exam to start.

3. Những từ và cụm từ thường sử dụng với thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Now: bây giờ

Right now: ngay lúc này

For now: bây giờ

Currently: hiện tại

At the moment: ngay tại thời điểm này

For the time being: vào lúc này

At present: hiện tại

Today: ngày nay

This week: tuần này

It's / That's the last time.

Look! : Nhìn kìa!

Listen! : Hãy nghe này!)

Keep silent! : Hãy im lặng!

Watch out! : Hãy coi chừng

II. Luyện tập: 

Bài 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn hoặc thì hiện tại đơn

1. It often __________________ in Ireland (rain). 
2. __________________ there now (rain)? 
3. Susan __________________ to her parents every Sunday night (write). 
4. Stop at once! You __________________ the flowers every time the ball __________________ in the garden (break, land) 
5. Where is Kevin? He __________________ tennis with Sue. (play) 
6. She normally __________________ in Northbridge but she __________________ with friends at the moment. (live, stay) 
7. Hurry up, the teacher __________________ to begin (wait).
8. I __________________ a word Tim says (not believe).

9. The new lawnmower __________________ well at the moment (work) 
10. What __________________ do for a living? (you, do) 
11. As a secretary I __________________ hundreds of letters every week (write). 
12. My boss __________________ to change jobs soon (want) 
13. Look! She __________________ in the non- smoking area (smoke) 
14. We __________________ our break now, Mr. Smith (take) 
15. The well-known actor __________________ a lot of fan mail (get) 
16. Dorothy __________________ to read a good novel in her holidays (love) 
17. My brother __________________ Italy the very moment I speak (tour) 
18. Such bad behaviour __________________ me mad (make). 
19. He usually __________________ out on Saturday night. (go) 
20. She __________________ by train to Liverpool today. (depart)

Bài 2. Hoàn thành chỗ trống trong đoạn văn sau bằng cách chia động từ trong ngoặc sao cho hợp lý

My driving course ____ (go) well and, to my surprise, I  _______ (enjoy) it very much. Harry and Liz, who run the driving school in my area, _______ (seem) very professional. But what I like most about them is that they  ______ (feel) like friends rather than teachers. I know I’m making a lot of stupid mistakes (still!) but they keep saying: ‘Don’t worry. You  ______ (learn). Everybody ______ (need) to go through this stage’. They always ________ (concentrate) on the positive and ________ (support) me in every way. It’s great that Anna from my school ______ (do) the course with me. At the moment we ________(practice) different driving manoeuvres. Anna ______ (find) them really difficult but she ______ (get) better and better. I ______ (think) we will both pass our driving test in March.

Đáp án: 

Bài 1

1. rains
2. Is it raining 
3. writes
4. break – lands
5. is playing
6. lives – is staying
7. is waiting
8. don’t believe
9. is working
10. What do you do 
11. write
12. wants
13. is smoking
14. are taking
15. gets
16. loves
17. is touring
18. makes
19. goes out
20. is departing

Bài 2

1. is going
2. enjoy
3. seems
4. feel
5. are learning
6. needs
7. concentrate
8. support
9. is doing
10. are practicing
11. finds
12. is getting
13. think

* Nguồn:  Destination C1 & C2 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles

BÀI 12: SỞ HỮU CÁCH - POSSESSIVES

 I. Giải thích ngữ pháp:

* Cấu trúc câu đơn giản trong tiếng Anh là S (chủ ngữ) + V (động từ) + O (tân ngữ), chúng ta dùng đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ cho chủ ngữ của câu, đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ cho tân ngữ của câu.

Ví dụ:

She (đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ)  gives (động từ) me (đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ) a new bicycle.

* Chúng ta sử dụng tính tính sở hữu trước danh từ để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ.

Ví dụ:

Her house: nhà của cô ấy

Their dog: con chó của họ

* Để tránh lặp lại từ trong câu, chúng ta sử dụng đại từ sở hữu.

Ví dụ:

Thay vì nói: Her house is bigger than my house.

Có thể nói: Here house is bigger than mine.

Như vậy mine là đại từ sở hữu thay thế cho cụm từ my house để tránh lặp lại từ house trong câu.

Dưới đây là bảng đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ, đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ, tính từ sở hữu và đại từ sở hữu các em học sinh cần ghi nhớ:

Đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ	Đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ	Tính từ sở hữu	Đại từ sở hữu
I	me	my	mine
We	us	our	ours
You	you	your	yours
He	him	his	his
She	her	her	hers
It	it	its	its
They	them	their	theirs

* Chúng ta sử dụng 's để diễn tả sự sở hữu.

Ví dụ:

Mary's schoolbag: cặp sách của Mary

The cat's tails: cái đuôi của con mèo

Lưu ý: nếu đối tượng sở hữu là danh từ số nhiều có chữ cái cuối cùng là s thì chúng ta chỉ thêm ' ngay sau chữ s chứ không đùng 's.

Ví dụ:

The boys' balls: Những quả bóng của những cậu bé.

The dogs' toys: Đồ chơi của những chú chó

Nếu đối tựng sở hữu là danh từ số nhiều bất quy tắc không có chữ cái cuối cùng là s thì chúng ta sử dụng 's như thông thường.

Ví dụ:

Men's hats: Những cái mũ của những người đàn ông

Children's kites: Những con diều của những đứa trẻ

II. Luyện tập:

Bài 1: Thay thế danh từ trong ngoặc với một đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ 

1. ________ is dreaming. (George)

2. ________ is green. (the blackboard)

3. ________ are on the wall. (the posters)

4. ________ is running. (the dog)

5. ________ are watching TV. (my mother and I)

6 .________ are in the garden. (the flowers)

7. ________ is riding his bike. (Tom)

8. ________ is from Bristol.(Liza)

9. ________ has got a brother. (Diana)

10. Have________ got a computer, (Mandy)?

11. (My cousin and her friend) ________ are at the mall.

12. (Peter) ________ is funny.

13. Does (your sister) ________ know what happened?

14. (The door) ________ is locked.

15. (My friend Mary and I) ________ are going on a trip.

16. (My cats) ________ are hungry.

17. (Mr. Jones) ________ is a good teacher.

18. (My brother and I) ________ live together.

19. Where are you from? - ________ am from Germany.

Đáp án: 

1 - he, 2 - It, 3 - They, 4 - It, 5 - We, 6 - They, 7 - He, 8 - She, 9 - She,  10 - You 

11 - they, 12 - he, 13 - she, 14 - It, 15 - We, 16 - They, 17 - He, 18 - we, 19 - I 

Bài 2: Chọn một đại từ nhân xưng trong ngoặc để hoàn thành những câu sau. 

1. _____ am in the yellow bus. (We/ He, I)

2. _____ are at the football match. (I, It, We) 

3. _____ are ten and eleven years old. (They, He, You)

4. _____ is in my mum's cupboard. (They, You, It) 

5. _____ am a good football player. (He, I, It) 

6. _____ is a nice girl. (You, She, They) 

7. _____ is afraid of mice. (We, He, They) 

8. _____ is a wonderful movie. (It, I, They) 

9. _____ are standing on my foot! (She, They, You) 

10. _____ am hungry and thirsty. (I, He, They) 

11. _____ is very hot today. (It, We, I) 

12. _____ are in the restaurant. (We, She, He) 

13. _____ is too fat to play tennis. (I, He, They) 

14. Is _____ in front of the school? (She, I, They) 

15. _____ is in the red box. (We, You, It) 

16. Are _____ a good swimmer? (They, He, You) 

17. _____ are not in a department store. (It, They, I) 

18. _____ are the best reader in the class. (They, I, You) 

19. _____ is a very small village. (He, It, They) 

20. _____ are in the building. (I, They, He) 

Đáp án:  

1 - I, 2 - We, 3 - They, 4 - It, 5 - I, 6 - She, 7 - He, 8 - It, 9 - You, 10 - I, 11 - It, 12 - We, 13 - He

14 - She, 15 - It, 16 - You, 17 - They, 18 - You, 19 - It, 20 - They 

Bài 3: Chọn một trong những đại từ nhân xưng (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) điền vào chỗ trống trong câu dưới đây. 

1. How old are ______ Sara? 

2. Tom and Tim are twins. ______ are both twelve. 

3. My name is Kate. ______ am a student. 

4. Peters and I are friends. ______ like football and tennis. 

5. Mike is from England. ______ like Maths. 

6. ______ is the number five bus. 

7. That’s Mike’s brother. ______ works in a supermarket. 

8. What’s your city like? ______ is small but quiet. 

9. My mum’s name is Wendy. ______ is a nurse. 

10. My parents aren’t at home. ______ are at work. 

Đáp án: 

1 - you, 2 - They, 3 - I, 4 - We, 5 - He, 6 - It, 7 - He, 8 - It, 9 - She, 10 - They 

Bài 4: Hoàn thành những câu sau có sử dụng đại từ tân ngữ. 

1. I need Sara’s mail address. I want to invite ______ to the party. 

2. Is this your mobile phone? Can I look at ______. 

3. Tom and Paul are my friends. I meet ______ every day. 

4. Give ______ my calculator. I need ______. 

5. My brother and I are cleaning the house. Mum is helping ______. 

6. Follow______, please. I will show ______ the way to the post office. 

7. We want to call you. Give ______ your phone number. 

8. My parents are still at work. We are waiting for ______.

9. Hurry up, my friends! We are waiting for ______. 

10. Is your father here? I want to talk to ______. 

11. Come with me. I want to show ______ my photo album. 

12. My mother sometimes helps ______ with my homework. She is a teacher. 

13. Where are my keys? I can’t find ______. 

14. Linda lives in my neighborhood. I know ______ very well.

Đáp án:

1. her, 2 - it, 3 - them, 4 - me/ it, 5 - us, 6 - me/ you, 7 - us, 8 - them, 9 - you, 10 - him, 11 - you, 12 - me, 13 - them, 14 - her. 

Bài 5: Chọn một trong những đại từ tân ngữ “me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them” điền vào ô trống mỗi câu dưới đây. 

1. John can't do his homework. Can you help ______ ?

2. We don't know the way to the church. Can you help ______?

3. I can't find my books. Can you see ______?

4. John, can you come to ______?

5. This pen is for Mary. Give it to ______.

6. I need help. Please, help______ .

7. The boys are playing football. Give ______ the ball.

8. We are hungry. Bring ______ the sandwiches, please.

9. I cannot help ______, Betty. I have other work to do.

10. My friend Susan lives in London. This is a postcard from ______.

11. The children are thirsty. Give ______ a glass of water.

12. My parents are very nice. They always help ______ with my homework.

13. My friend Tom lives in London. This is a parcel from ______ .

14. I'm sorry, I can't tell ______what happened.

15. The children are hungry. Give ______ an apple.

16. We are thirsty. Can you give ______ some juice?

17. Jack is in the garden. Bring ______ his football.

18. Ann and Paul can't do their homework. Can you help______ ?

Đáp án: 

1 - him, 2 - us, 3 - them, 4 - me, 5 - her, 6 - me, 7 - them, 8 - us, 9 - you, 10 - her, 11 - them, 12 - me, 13 - him, 14 - you, 15 - them, 16 - us, 17 - him, 18 - them

Bài 6: Điền những đại từ nhân xưng thích hợp vào mỗi câu dưới đây. 

1. Do you know _____? _____ is my brother.

2. Emilia is a great dancer. _____ has won many competitions.

3. Would _____ like to go to the movies with Rita?

4. Van Gogh drew beautiful pictures. One of _____ famous works is The Starry Night.

5. When the incident happened, Ram was present there. _____ was the sole witness of the event.

6. The dog gave birth to many puppies. Would _____ like to have one of _____?

7. Ross and Monica are siblings. _____ came to visit the museum.

8. This is Elizabeth. _____ is the class monitor.

9. The team won the match. _____ have performed surprisingly well.

10. My brother brought a new phone. But _____ doesn’t like _____ much.

11. Look at this picture. Isn’t _____ beautiful?

12. _____ all study in the same school.

13. I brought a ball today. _____ is _____.

14. Megha finished her homework quickly so that _____ could go and play outside.

15. Can you give _____ another scope? I will do better.

Đáp án: 

1 - him/ He

2 - She 

3 - You

4 - his 

5 - He 

6 - you/ them

7 - They

8 - She

9 - They 

10 - he, it

11 - it 

12 - We 

13 - It/ mine 

14 - she 

15 - me 

  * Nguồn: New Round-up 1 by Virginia Ivans and Jenny Dooley

BÀI 11: THERE IS / THERE ARE

 I. Cấu trúc ngữ pháp:

Câu khẳng định

There is + danh từ số ít

There are + danh từ số nhiều

Ví dụ:

There is a book on the table.

There are three books on the table.

Câu phủ định

There isn't + danh từ số ít

There aren't + danh từ số nhiều

Ví dụ:

There isn't a ball in the bedroom.

There aren't three balls in the bedroom.

Câu nghi vấn

Is there + danh từ số ít

Are there + danh từ số nhiều

Ví dụ:

Is there a cake in the kitchen?

Are there three cakes in the kitchen?

Ghi chú: There is hay There are có thể dịch là Có

II. Luyện tập:

Bài tập 1: 

Điền There is/ There are/ There isn’t/ There aren’t vào chỗ trống 

1…………… the number of mosquitoes increased abnormally this summer.

2.……………… still a pack? I think I ordered some

3. Fortunately,……………have two rooms at the Bungalow homestay

4. Are you sure there's milk in the fridge?

5. …………… 25 boys and 10 girls in his graduating class.

6. ………….nothing is as delicious as my dad cooks

7. …………any pens in my pen case. Please go to the supply room and get me a new one.

8. ………… a black panther in the backyard when I went out this morning.

9. I look high and low but…………

10. …………no need to cry over spilled food.

Bài tập 2: 

Em hãy thêm từ cần để hoàn thành câu đã cho.

1.There/ three books/ front of/ table/ room.

2. There/ a trash/ the right side/ my bed.

3. There/ seven Malaysian students/ my class.

4. There/ a new restaurant/ near town/ sell Chinese food.

5. There/ eight other people/are/ still/ arrive.

III. Đáp án

Bài tập 1

1. There is

2. Isn’t there

3. There is

4. There isn’t

5. There are

6. There is

7. There isn’t

8. There is

9. There aren’t

10. There is

Bài tập 2:

There are three books in front of the table in the room.

2. There is a trash can on the right side of my bed.

3. There are seven Malaysian students in my class.

4. There's a new restaurant near town that sells Chinese food.

5. There are eight other people who are still to arrive.

BÀI 10: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (B1)

 I. Tóm tắt ngữ pháp:

1. Cấu trúc:

Câu khẳng định

S + V-s/es

Ví dụ: He plays tennis every Sunday.

Câu phủ định

S + don't / doesn't + V

Ví dụ: They don't tennis every Sunday.

Câu nghi vấn

Do / Does + S +V

Ví dụ: Do you tennis every Sunday?

Ghi chú: Động từ "be" và "have" có hiện tại đơn bất quy tắc, cần chuyển về "am/ is/ are" và "have/ has" tuỳ theo chủ ngữ trong câu.

Ví dụ: 

I am a teacher.

You are a student.

She is a nurse.

They have breakfast at 7 o'clock everyday.

He has breakfast at 7 o'clock everyday.

2. Cách sử dụng:

2.1. Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại

Ví dụ: Marsha goes to dance lessons every Saturday

2.2. Diễn tả tình huống cố định thường xảy ra

Ví dụ: Does Dan work at a cinema?

2.3. Diễn tả trạng thái

I like Frozen cartoon.

2.4. Diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên

Ví dụ: You play chess with 32 pieces.

3. Những từ và cụm từ thường sử dụng với thì hiện tại đơn:

3.1. Trạng từ:

Always: luôn luôn

Usually: thường xuyên

Often: thường

Sometimes: thỉnh thoảng

Rarely: hiếm khi

Never: không bao giờ

Ghi chú: Những trạng từ này thường đứng trước các động từ, nhưng đứng sau động từ "be"

Ví dụ: 

I often play football with my friends.

I am often late for my piano lessons

3.2. Cụm từ:

Every Monday: mỗi thứ Hai

Every week: mỗi tuần

Each Monday: mỗi thứ Hai

Each week:  mỗi tuần

Once a week: một lần một tuần

Twice a week: hai lần một tuần

Three time a week: ba lần một tuần

II. Luyện tập: 

Bài 1. Từ những từ đã cho, em hãy viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh:

1. Everyday / Helen / get up / at half past seven
2. Helen / often / eat fast food for lunch
3. In the evening / Helen / usually / meet her friends for coffee
4. Once a week / Helen / watch a film at the cinema
5. Helen / rarely / go the the gym
6. Helen / have a driving lesson / twice a week

Bài 2. Em hãy chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn:

1. The flight (start)……….at 6 a.m every Thursday.
2. I like Math and she (like)……….Literature.
3. I (bake)________ cookies twice a month.
4. My best friend (write)________ to me every week.
5. Jane always ________(take care) of her sister.
6. My family (have)……….a holiday in December every year.
7. Martha and Kevin ___________ (swim) twice a week.
8. She ____ (help) the kids of the neighborhood.
9. Mike (be)________humour. He always ___________ (tell) us funny stories.
10. Tiffany and Uma (be) ______my friends.

Bài 3. Em hãy điền dạng đúng của động từ “to be”:

1. My dog __________small.
2. She ________ a student.
3. We _________ready to get a pet.
4. My life _____ so boring. I just watch TV every night.
5. My husband________from California. I _______from Viet Nam.
6. We ____________ (not/be) late.
7. Emma and Betty(be)________ good friends.
8. ___________ (she/be) a singer?
9. His sister(be) _________seven years old.
10. Trixi and Susi(be)__________my cats.

Bài 4. Em hãy viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh từ những từ đã cho:

1. How/ you/ go to school/ ?
2. we/ not/ believe/ ghost.
3. How often/ you/ study English/ ?
4. play/in/the/soccer/Mike/doesn’t/afternoons.
5. She/daughters/two/have.
6. very/much/not/like/lemonade/I
7. Wednesdays/on/It/rain/often.
8. never/wear/Jane/jeans.
9. phone/his/on/father/Sundays/Danny/every
10. Austria/I/from/be/Vienna.

Bài 5. Em hãy điều từ vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau:

Mary (1)____a teacher. She (2)_____ English. The children love her and they (3).______a lot from her. Mary (4).________home at 3.00 and (5).______lunch. Then she sleeps for an hour. In the afternoon she (6)………swimming or she cleans her house. Sometimes, she (7)………her aunt and (8)………tea with her. Every Sunday she does the shopping with her friends.

Bài 6. Em hãy điền những từ đã cho vào chỗ trống:

wake up – open – speak – take – do – cause – live – play – close – live – drink

1. Ann _____________ handball very well.
2. I never _____________ coffee.
3. The swimming pool _____________ at 7:00 in the morning.
4. It _____________ at 9:00 in the evening.
5. Bad driving _____________ many accidents.
6. My parents _____________ in a very small flat.
7. The Olympic Games _____________ place every four years.
8. They are good students. They always _____________ their homework.
9. My students _____________ a little English.
10. I always _____________ early in the morning.

Bài 7. Tìm và sửa lỗi sai

1. What does they wear at their school?
2. Do he go to the library every week?
3. Windy always watch TV at 9 p.m before going to bed at 10 p.m.
4. Sometimes, we goes swimming together with her family.
5. How does Linda carries such a heavy bag?

Bài 8. Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh

1. Minh/usually/not/sleep/early/at weekends.
2. You/understand the questions from your teacher?
3. Her husband/his colleague/play/tennis/whenever/they/free.
4. My family/normally/eat/breakfast/6.30.
5. San/not/phone/mother/Mondays.

Bài 9. Điền trợ động từ ở dạng phủ định

1. I ………. like tea.
2. He ………. play football in the afternoon.
3. You ………. go to bed at midnight.
4. They……….do the homework on weekends.
5. The bus ……….arrive at 8.30 a.m.
6. My brother ……….finish work at 8 p.m.
7. Our friends ………. live in a big house.
8. The cat ………. like me.

Đáp án bài 1:

1. Every day, Helen gets up at half past seven.
2. Helen often eats fast food for lunch.
3. In the evening, Helen usually meets her friends for coffee.
4. Once a week, Helen watches a film at the cinema.
5. Helen rarely goes to the gym.
6. Helen has a driving lesson twice a week.
7. Đáp án bài 2:

1. starts
2. likes
3. bake
4. writes
5. takes care
6. has
7. swim
8. helps
9. is – tells
10. are

Đáp án bài 3:

1. is
2. is
3. are
4. is
5. is – am
6. are not
7. are
8. Is
9. is
10. are

Đáp án bài 4:

1. How do you go to school?
2. We don’t believe ghost
3. How often do you study English?
4. Mike doesn’t play soccer in the afternoons.
5. She has two daughters
6. I don’t like lemonade very much
7. It’s often rain on Wenesdays
8. Jane never wears jeans
9. Danny phones his father on every Sundays
10. I am from Vienna, Austria

Đáp án bài 5:

1. is
2. teaches
3. learn
4. comes
5. has
6. goes.
7. meets
8. drinks

Đáp án bài 6: 

1. Plays
2. Drink
3. Opens
4. Closes
5. Causes
6. Live
7. Take
8. Do
9. Speak
10. Wake up

Đáp án bài 7:

1. does ➔ do
2. Do ➔ Does
3. watch ➔ watches
4. goes ➔ go
5. carries ➔ carry

Đáp án bài 8: 

1. Minh doesn’t usually sleep early at the weekends.
2. Do you understand the questions from your teacher?
3. Her husband and his colleague play tennis wheneven they are free.
4. My family normally eats breakfast at 6.30.
5. San doesn’t phone her mother on Mondays.

Đáp án bài 9:

1. don’t
2. doesn’t
3. don’t
4. don’t
5. doesn’t
6. doesn’t
7. don’t
8. doesn’t

* Nguồn:  Destination B1 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles

BÀI 9: CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ - PHRASAL VERBS - PHẦN 2 (C)

  Dưới đây là những phrasal verbs thường gặp:

1. Cancel out: triệt tiêu

These headphones cancel out any other noise so all you can hear is the music.

2. Carry over: kéo dài, chuyển sang

You are not allowed to carry over holiday entitlement from one year into the next.

3. Catch on: trở thành mốt

Sports drinks have caught on as customers have become more health-conscious.

4. Catch on: hiểu

He didn't catch on at first.

5. Centre around: xoay quanh

The book centres around a woman who becomes an astronaut.

6. Chance upon: tình cờ tìm thấy

We chanced upon a charming little restaurant.

7. Change around: di chuyển đồ vật

My friends had changed all the furniture in my room around as a joke.

8. Change into: biến đổi thành

The film was about a man who changes into a werewolf during the full moon.

9. Change into: thay (quần áo) thành

Let me just change into something a bit more comfortable.

10. Change out of: thay (quần áo) ra

Come inside and change out of those wet things.

11. Check out: kiểm tra, rà soát

I've been taking loads of photographs, just to check out the camera.

12. Check out: đúng sự thật

The story just didn't check out.

13. Clock up: đạt mức

Dawson has clocked up 34 years as a police officer.

14. Close up: đóng lại, khóa lại

The newsagent was closing up for the evening.

15. Club together: góp tiền

Let's all club together and get her a nice present.

16. Come across: tình cờ gặp

I came across a reference to my grandfather in an old book.

17. Come around: thay đổi quan điểm

I didn't agree at first but I've come around to the new idea now.

18. Come between: xen vào, gây mâu thuẩn

I would never let anything come between us.

19. Come out: bị xóa khỏi, biến khỏi

The stain finally came out, but I had to wash the T-shirt three times.

20. Come out: được hiểu

That came out wrong. Let me rephrase it.

21. Come out: được phát hành

The magazine comes out every Thursday.

22. Come out: được hé lộ

The differences don't come out until you put the two groups in a room together.

23. Come out: được công khai

He said it'll all come out in court.

24. Come out: đạt kết quả, trở thành

Everything came out all right in the end.

25. Come out in: nổi mẩn

She can't eat shellfish without coming out in spots.

26. Come out with: thốt ra

You never know what the children are going to come out with.

27. Come round: tỉnh lại

I felt sick when I came round after the operation.

28. Come round: đổi ý

We were sure she'd come round in the bed.

29. Come round: đến thăm

Why don't you come round after work

30. Come round: tái diễn

Jean's annual garden party must be coming round again soon.

31. Come up with: nảy ra, nghĩ ra

Is that the best you can come up with?

32. Cool down: hạ nhiệt

It's cooled down a loy in the last couple days.

33. Cordon off: phong tỏa

Why have they cordoned off the city centre?

34. Cotton on: hiểu ra

Suddenly, I cottoned on. She'd been lying from the start.

35. Crack down: trấn áp, trừng trị

It's about time they cracked down on people who drop liter.

36. Crease up: (làm ai đó) bật cười

You really crease me up.

37. Creep up on: lén tiếp cận

I watched a cat as it crept up on a bird.

38. Crop up: xảy ra đột ngột

Ben had to go back to work - something's cropped up there.

39. Crowd around: vây quanh

Everybody crowded around the actor as he signed autographs.

40. Cut back on: cắt giảm

I'm trying to cut back on groceries.

41. Cut out: Cắt ra

Cut out the material you need and make sure it's the right size.

42. Cut out: cắt giảm, loại bỏ

I'm going to have to cut coffee out because it gives me indigestion.

* Nguồn:  Destination C1 & C2 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles

BÀI 8: THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN - PRESENT CONTINUOUS

 I. Tóm tắt ngữ pháp:

1. Cấu trúc:

1.1. Câu khẳng định:

S + am/ is/ are + V-ing

1.2. Câu phủ định:

S + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing

1.3. Câu nghi vấn:

Am/ is/ are + S + V-ing

2. Sử dụng thì hiện tại tiếp diễn trong trường hợp nào?

2.1. Hành động đang xảy ra tại thời điểm nói

Ví dụ: The boys are doing their homework right now

2.2. Hành động đang xảy xung quanh thời điểm nói

Ví dụ: What book are you  doing in English at the moment?

2.3. Tình huống tạm thời và chuỗi hành động

Ví dụ: We aren't having any exams while the lecturers are still on strike.

2.4. Tình huống đang thay đổi và phát triển

More and more people are recognizing the advantages of being able to speak a foreign language.

2.5. Thói quen gây khó chịu cho người khác

Dan's always coming up with the craziest ideas!

2.6. Thông tin nền trong chuyện đùa và những câu chuyện thân mật khác

Ví dụ: A man goes to see his spychiatrist. He's carrying a bag full of honey.

2.7. Nói về sự sắp xếp trong tương lai

Ví dụ: When are you taking your driving test?

2.8. Nói về hành động thuộc tương lai trong mệnh đề thời gian 

Ví dụ: I'll be probably be a bit scared when I'm waitinig outside for the exam to start.

3. Những từ và cụm từ thường sử dụng với thì hiện tại tiếp diễn

Now: bây giờ

Right now: ngay lúc này

For now: bây giờ

Currently: hiện tại

At the moment: tại thời điểm này

For the time being: vào lúc này

At present: hiện nay

Today: ngày nay

This week: tuần này

It's / That's the last time...: đó là lần cuối cùng

II. Luyện tập: sẽ được cập nhật sau

* Nguồn:  Destination C1 & C2 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles

BÀI 7: CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ - PHRASAL VERBS - PHẦN 1 (A and B)

 Dưới đây là những phrasal verbs thường gặp:

1. Add up to: tương đương với, góp phần tạo nên

Ví dụ: These new measures do not add up to genuine reform.

2. Add up to: tổng cộng lên tới

Ví dụ: His business expenses add up to around $4000 a year.

3. Answer back: cải lại

Ví dụ: I got into trouble for answering the teacher back.

4. Ask out: rủ đi chơi

Ví dụ: Fred asked Vanessa to go out with him but she said no.

5. Back down: rút lại ý kiến

Ví dụ: I'm not going to pass down just because a few people disagree with me.

6. Back up: Ủng hộ

Ví dụ: I didn't believe Simon's story until Janice backed him up.

7. Black out: làm đen kịt, tối om

Ví dụ: The whole city was backed out for nights on end during the war.

8. Black out: ngất lịm

Ví dụ: He had blacked out as his car hit the tree.

9. Blend in: hòa nhập

Ví dụ: The building doesn't really blend in very well with the others around it.

10. Blurt out: thốt ra

Ví dụ: She blurted out his name, then gasped as she realized what she'd done.

11. Board up: bịt kín

Ví dụ: We boarded the house up because we knew a bad storm was coming.

12. Break down: chia nhỏ

Ví dụ: The amount doesn't seem quite so bad when you break it down into monthly payments.

13. Break up: đập bể

Ví dụ: Break that old wardrobe up, then I can put it on the fire.

14. Break up: kết thúc

Ví dụ: The meeting finally broke up after three hours

15. Break up: chia tay

Ví dụ: When did Diana and James break up?

16. Brighten up: trở nên tốt hơn

Ví dụ: It's brightening up at last.

17. Brighten up: trở nên rạng rỡ hơn

Ví dụ: Sarah brightened up considerably as she thought of Emily's words.

18. Brighten up: trở nên đẹp hơn

Ví dụ: You could brighten up that skirt with a red blouse.

19. Bring about: gây ra, đem lại

Ví dụ: It's not something we can bring about overnight.

20. Bring out: làm nổi bật

Ví dụ: This dress really brings out the green in your eyes.

21. Bring out: phát hành

Ví dụ: They've brought out a new 3D video camera.

22. Bring together: làm gần nhau hơn

Ví dụ: The attack on the city really brought people together.

23. Brush up on: trau đồi, ôn lại

Ví dụ: I took a class to brush up on my German before the trip.

24. Build up: gây dựng, phát triển

Ví dụ: Many popular writers built up their reputations during the war.

25. Build up: tăng lên

Ví dụ: The food industry needs to build up consumer confidence again.

26. Build up: lớn lên, phát triển

Ví dụ: You need lots of fruit to help build you up.

27. Build up: tạo dựng hình ảnh

Ví dụ: They've built him up to be something that he isn't.

28. Bump into: va phải

Ví dụ: It was dark and I bumped into the table.

29. Bump into: tình cờ gặp 

Ví dụ: Guess who I bumped into in town?

30. Buy off: đút lót

Ví dụ: Efforts to buy her off have failed.

31. Buy out: mua lại

Ví dụ: The other directors have offered to buy me out.

32. Buy up: mua hết, mua sạch

Ví dụ: Developers have been buying up old theaters and converting them into cinemas.

* Nguồn:  Destination C1 & C2 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles

BÀI 6: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN - PRESENT SIMPLE (C1 + C2)

I. Tóm tắt ngữ pháp:

1. Cấu trúc:

Câu khẳng định

S + V-s/es

Câu phủ định

S + don't / doesn't + V

Câu nghi vấn

Do / Does + S +V

Ghi chú: Nếu chủ ngữ là ngôi thứ 3 số ít thì cần thêm 's' hoặc 'es'.

2. Sử dụng thì hiện tại đơn trong trường hợp nào?

2.1. Diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên

Ví dụ: The left-hand side of the brain controls the right-hand side of the body.

2.2. Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại

Ví dụ: I don't always go to lectures that are early in the morning.

2.3. Diễn tả tình huống và trạng thái cố định

Ví dụ: Angie teaches French at a local adult education center.

2.4. Kể chuyện đùa và những câu chuyện thân mật khác

Ví dụ: So, a man goes to see his spychiatrist...

2.5. Tường thuật trực tiếp thể thao

Ví dụ: Adams passes to Kareshi. It's a goal.

2.6. Tiêu đề tin tức trên báo chí

Ví dụ: HAWKING WINS NOBEL PRIZE.

2.7. Bài nhận xét và tóm tắt

Ví dụ: The film ends with us not knowing whether they have been successful or not.

2.8. Hướng dẫn và chỉ đường

Ví dụ: You turn left at the end of the road and the school is up ahead.

2.9. Tục ngữ và danh ngôn

Ví dụ: Too many cooks spoil the broth.

2.10. Nói về một sự kiện cố định trong thương lai

Ví dụ: Term ends on 21st December.

2.11. Dùng trong mệnh đề thời gian (Chuyện B sẽ xảy ra (thì tương lại đơn) khi chuyện A xảy ra (thì hiện tại đơn)

Ví dụ: I'll be so relieved when I finish this crossword.

3. Mẫu câu nhấn mạnh của thì hiện tại đơn

3.1 Để nhấn mạnh sự đối lập

Ví dụ: Adam doesn't know much about psychiatry but he does know quite a lot about spychology.

3.2. Để nhấn mạnh vào cám xúc mạnh

Ví dụ: I do like playing word games!

4. Những từ và cụm từ thường sử dụng với thì hiện tại đơn

Always: luôn luôn

Usually: thường xuyên

Generally: nhìn chung

Often: thường

Sometimes: thỉnh thoảng

Rarely: hiếm khi

Seldom: hầu như không

Never: không bao giờ

Whenever: mỗi khi

Nowadays: ngày nay

These days: ngày nay

From time to time: thỉnh thoảng

Every now and then: đôi khi

Most/ much of the time: Đa số thời gian

It's/ That's the last time: Đó là lần cuối cùng

II. Luyện tập: 

Bài 1: Em hãy chia thì đúng cho động từ trong ngoặc đơn:

1. My brother .............. (do) a degree at university so I ...............(see) him very often, unfortunately.

2. Darren ............usually  ......................(get) home until about eight o'clock.

3. I'm sorry to hear that your parent .......................(get) divorced.

4. You .......................(go) to the end of the street and ...................(turn) right.

5. Why .................. ice .............................(float).

6. It's lovely now the evenings ......................(get) longer, isn't it?

7. My dad .............(eat) meat at all, he's a vegetarian.

8. Actually, we ................(listen) to The Libertines at all - this is Peter Docherty's second band, Babyshambles.

9. A man .......................(walk) into a bar. Ouch! Not a good idea to walk into an iron bar!

10. .........................you .........................(phone) me from you mobile? The line's not very good.

11. ......................you often ........................ (order) things online?

12. There's an Englishman, an Irishman and a Scotsman. They ............(walk) across the desert when one of them  ........................(spots) a camel in the distance....

13. Beckham ............... (have) control of the ball ... It's Beckham ... And he ................ (score)!

14. Woman ................. (give) $500 million lottery win to charity.

15. My dad ............... (always / tell) jokes! They're usually rubbish, though.

16. 'Phil ............... (wear) ties, does he?'

 'Actually, he .................... (wear) a tie to work most days.'

Đáp án: 

1. is doing / don't see

2. doesn't ... get

3. are getting

4. go / turn

5. does ... float

6. are getting

7. doesn't eat

8. aren't listening

9. walks

10. Are ...phoning

11. Do ... order

12. are walking / spots

13. has / scores

14. gives

15. is always telling

16. doesn't wear / wears

* Nguồn:  Destination C1 & C2 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles