BÀI 10: THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN (B1)

 I. Tóm tắt ngữ pháp:

1. Cấu trúc:

Câu khẳng định

S + V-s/es

Ví dụ: He plays tennis every Sunday.

Câu phủ định

S + don't / doesn't + V

Ví dụ: They don't tennis every Sunday.

Câu nghi vấn

Do / Does + S +V

Ví dụ: Do you tennis every Sunday?

Ghi chú: Động từ "be" và "have" có hiện tại đơn bất quy tắc, cần chuyển về "am/ is/ are" và "have/ has" tuỳ theo chủ ngữ trong câu.

Ví dụ: 

I am a teacher.

You are a student.

She is a nurse.

They have breakfast at 7 o'clock everyday.

He has breakfast at 7 o'clock everyday.

2. Cách sử dụng:

2.1. Diễn tả thói quen ở hiện tại

Ví dụ: Marsha goes to dance lessons every Saturday

2.2. Diễn tả tình huống cố định thường xảy ra

Ví dụ: Does Dan work at a cinema?

2.3. Diễn tả trạng thái

I like Frozen cartoon.

2.4. Diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên

Ví dụ: You play chess with 32 pieces.

3. Những từ và cụm từ thường sử dụng với thì hiện tại đơn:

3.1. Trạng từ:

Always: luôn luôn

Usually: thường xuyên

Often: thường

Sometimes: thỉnh thoảng

Rarely: hiếm khi

Never: không bao giờ

Ghi chú: Những trạng từ này thường đứng trước các động từ, nhưng đứng sau động từ "be"

Ví dụ: 

I often play football with my friends.

I am often late for my piano lessons

3.2. Cụm từ:

Every Monday: mỗi thứ Hai

Every week: mỗi tuần

Each Monday: mỗi thứ Hai

Each week:  mỗi tuần

Once a week: một lần một tuần

Twice a week: hai lần một tuần

Three time a week: ba lần một tuần

II. Luyện tập: 

Bài 1. Từ những từ đã cho, em hãy viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh:

1. Everyday / Helen / get up / at half past seven
2. Helen / often / eat fast food for lunch
3. In the evening / Helen / usually / meet her friends for coffee
4. Once a week / Helen / watch a film at the cinema
5. Helen / rarely / go the the gym
6. Helen / have a driving lesson / twice a week

Bài 2. Em hãy chia động từ trong ngoặc ở thì hiện tại đơn:

1. The flight (start)……….at 6 a.m every Thursday.
2. I like Math and she (like)……….Literature.
3. I (bake)________ cookies twice a month.
4. My best friend (write)________ to me every week.
5. Jane always ________(take care) of her sister.
6. My family (have)……….a holiday in December every year.
7. Martha and Kevin ___________ (swim) twice a week.
8. She ____ (help) the kids of the neighborhood.
9. Mike (be)________humour. He always ___________ (tell) us funny stories.
10. Tiffany and Uma (be) ______my friends.

Bài 3. Em hãy điền dạng đúng của động từ “to be”:

1. My dog __________small.
2. She ________ a student.
3. We _________ready to get a pet.
4. My life _____ so boring. I just watch TV every night.
5. My husband________from California. I _______from Viet Nam.
6. We ____________ (not/be) late.
7. Emma and Betty(be)________ good friends.
8. ___________ (she/be) a singer?
9. His sister(be) _________seven years old.
10. Trixi and Susi(be)__________my cats.

Bài 4. Em hãy viết thành câu hoàn chỉnh từ những từ đã cho:

1. How/ you/ go to school/ ?
2. we/ not/ believe/ ghost.
3. How often/ you/ study English/ ?
4. play/in/the/soccer/Mike/doesn’t/afternoons.
5. She/daughters/two/have.
6. very/much/not/like/lemonade/I
7. Wednesdays/on/It/rain/often.
8. never/wear/Jane/jeans.
9. phone/his/on/father/Sundays/Danny/every
10. Austria/I/from/be/Vienna.

Bài 5. Em hãy điều từ vào chỗ trống để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau:

Mary (1)____a teacher. She (2)_____ English. The children love her and they (3).______a lot from her. Mary (4).________home at 3.00 and (5).______lunch. Then she sleeps for an hour. In the afternoon she (6)………swimming or she cleans her house. Sometimes, she (7)………her aunt and (8)………tea with her. Every Sunday she does the shopping with her friends.

Bài 6. Em hãy điền những từ đã cho vào chỗ trống:

wake up – open – speak – take – do – cause – live – play – close – live – drink

1. Ann _____________ handball very well.
2. I never _____________ coffee.
3. The swimming pool _____________ at 7:00 in the morning.
4. It _____________ at 9:00 in the evening.
5. Bad driving _____________ many accidents.
6. My parents _____________ in a very small flat.
7. The Olympic Games _____________ place every four years.
8. They are good students. They always _____________ their homework.
9. My students _____________ a little English.
10. I always _____________ early in the morning.

Bài 7. Tìm và sửa lỗi sai

1. What does they wear at their school?
2. Do he go to the library every week?
3. Windy always watch TV at 9 p.m before going to bed at 10 p.m.
4. Sometimes, we goes swimming together with her family.
5. How does Linda carries such a heavy bag?

Bài 8. Viết lại câu hoàn chỉnh

1. Minh/usually/not/sleep/early/at weekends.
2. You/understand the questions from your teacher?
3. Her husband/his colleague/play/tennis/whenever/they/free.
4. My family/normally/eat/breakfast/6.30.
5. San/not/phone/mother/Mondays.

Bài 9. Điền trợ động từ ở dạng phủ định

1. I ………. like tea.
2. He ………. play football in the afternoon.
3. You ………. go to bed at midnight.
4. They……….do the homework on weekends.
5. The bus ……….arrive at 8.30 a.m.
6. My brother ……….finish work at 8 p.m.
7. Our friends ………. live in a big house.
8. The cat ………. like me.

Đáp án bài 1:

1. Every day, Helen gets up at half past seven.
2. Helen often eats fast food for lunch.
3. In the evening, Helen usually meets her friends for coffee.
4. Once a week, Helen watches a film at the cinema.
5. Helen rarely goes to the gym.
6. Helen has a driving lesson twice a week.
7. Đáp án bài 2:

1. starts
2. likes
3. bake
4. writes
5. takes care
6. has
7. swim
8. helps
9. is – tells
10. are

Đáp án bài 3:

1. is
2. is
3. are
4. is
5. is – am
6. are not
7. are
8. Is
9. is
10. are

Đáp án bài 4:

1. How do you go to school?
2. We don’t believe ghost
3. How often do you study English?
4. Mike doesn’t play soccer in the afternoons.
5. She has two daughters
6. I don’t like lemonade very much
7. It’s often rain on Wenesdays
8. Jane never wears jeans
9. Danny phones his father on every Sundays
10. I am from Vienna, Austria

Đáp án bài 5:

1. is
2. teaches
3. learn
4. comes
5. has
6. goes.
7. meets
8. drinks

Đáp án bài 6: 

1. Plays
2. Drink
3. Opens
4. Closes
5. Causes
6. Live
7. Take
8. Do
9. Speak
10. Wake up

Đáp án bài 7:

1. does ➔ do
2. Do ➔ Does
3. watch ➔ watches
4. goes ➔ go
5. carries ➔ carry

Đáp án bài 8: 

1. Minh doesn’t usually sleep early at the weekends.
2. Do you understand the questions from your teacher?
3. Her husband and his colleague play tennis wheneven they are free.
4. My family normally eats breakfast at 6.30.
5. San doesn’t phone her mother on Mondays.

Đáp án bài 9:

1. don’t
2. doesn’t
3. don’t
4. don’t
5. doesn’t
6. doesn’t
7. don’t
8. doesn’t

* Nguồn:  Destination B1 By Malcolm Mann, Steve Taylore-Knowles